b'PULP REFININGFigure 1. Schematic representation of probe binding to a wood fibre.The left side of the fibre shows a lignin free fibre, where amorphous cellulose dominates (cherry strings).On the right side, the straight green bars represent crystalline cellulose.Hemicelluloses such as xylan (orange) and mannan (blue) are shown as polymers that help keep the fibre together.The probes designed here attach specifically to their respective target polymer, as indicated by the matching color of their fluorescent module (Hebert-Ouellet et al. 2017).LABORATORY WORK and the two treatment groups, withcellulose. To further understand how Extensive work was done tothe lowest signal being observed inthese changes in signal relate to the demonstrate the potential of the fibrethe enzyme treatment group. Similarstrength characteristics of the sheet, surface characterisation method,levels of decrease were observed ina hand sheet assessment of tensile which first published in 2018. Duringthe levels of mannan and xylan. Thestrength was executed (Figure 3). the development of Maximyze 777,data is interesting because it showedThe data shows that both treatment representative softwood (SWD)a change in substrate prevalence evengroups were able to improve the and hardwood (HWD) sampleswhen a non-enzymatic treatment wastensile strength significantly versus were treated with either a strengthadded. There will be further studyThe datathe untreated control. This result resin alone (SR Only) or with amade in this area to understand theshowssupports the importance of the combination of strength resin andmechanism for this, but as this isthat bothcrystalline: amorphous cellulose enzyme product (SR + Enzyme)a surface area scan, it is possibletreatmentratio (Hebert-Ouellet et al. 2017), and compared to untreated fibrethat the combination of refining andgroupsas both treatment groups showed a (Figure 2). In comparing the levels ofpolymer works to expose amorphouswere ablereduction in crystalline signal and amorphous cellulose in the samples,cellulose at the expense of some ofto improvean increase in the surface-available the data showed that levels increasedthe hemicelluloses and substrates thatthe tensileamorphous cellulose. Furthermore, the with the addition of strength resin,are not being measured directly bystrengthimprovement in strength correlated but that a further increase wasthis method (e.g. lignin). The actionsignificantlywith the trend in ratio between the two achieved in the presence of enzyme.of the enzyme is clearly observed inversus thetreatment groups, supporting that the The crystalline cellulose signal wasthe concurrent increase in amorphousuntreatedsurface characterisation method has seen to decrease between the controlcellulose and decrease in crystallinecontrol. predictive power.18 WORLD PULP&PAPER'